Especialidades JA/Poríferos y cnidarios/Respuestas
Nivel de destreza
2
Año
2012
Version
17.11.2024
Autoridad de aprobación
División Sudamericana
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Sponges are multicellular animals with an outer and inner membrane (the Ectoderm and Endoderm respectively), with a non-cellular jelly-like matrix between these cellular layers. Sponges have specialized Chanocytes, cells with a flagellum to create a current to draw water over special hair-like projections in a ring around the flagellum. Sponges gain structural strength from spicules, which in some form a type of skeleton. Spicules can be made of protein fibers, silica (glass) or calcium carbonate. Sponges are sessile, they do not move (though certain embryonic stages are capable of movement). Sponges do not necessarily have any particular symmetry to their body form.
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First aid frequently depends upon the type of Jellyfish and the severity of the sting. The first step is to get the victim out of the water. If there is severe allergic reaction, call 911 (or the equivalent emergence service) immediately. Rinse the sting area with seawater or warm water (in some places, it is recommended to use vinegar, and some even suggest urine, but for some types of jellyfish, vinegar or fresh water can reactivate the stinging cells, making the matter worse). There are also commercially available sprays and liquids designed for treatment of Jellyfish stings. Once the wound has been rinsed to stop further stinging and remove the nematocysts, it can be soaked in warm water, or covered with an ice pack, and treated for pain with commercial topical pain relievers.
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Use a picture of a Jellyfish as a guide, or try to draw from a live jellyfish at an aquarium or zoo.
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Coral reefs serve as nurseries and living quarters for numerous difference species of marine animals, and thus play a very important role in ecological webs. They also provide shelter against storms to some coastal areas, and are a vital part of tourism in many tropical countries.
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The Great Barrier Reef, off the coast of Queensland, Australia, is considered the largest coral reef in the world, at more than 1400 miles long, and covers approximately half the total land area of the state of Texas. Other large reefs include the Red Sea coral reef, at more than 1100 miles long, and the Florida Keys reef, at more than 200 miles long.
