Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Sheep Breeds/Hampshire"

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[[Image:Hampshire Down sheep - Project Gutenberg eText 16270.png|thumbnail|right|Hampshire Down sheep, in an 1887 illustration]]
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The '''Hampshire''' or '''Hampshire Down''' is a breed of [[domestic sheep|sheep]] which originated around 1829 from a cross of [[Southdown (sheep)|Southdown]]s with the [[Old Hampshire]] breed, the [[Old Wiltshire]], and the [[Berkshire Nott]], all horned, white-faced sheep — these were native to the open, untiled, hilly stretch of land known as the [[Hampshire]] Downs.
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John [[Twynam]], a [[Hampshire]] farmer, crossed his then '''Hampshire''' flock with [[Cotswold]] rams in around 1829. The resultant half-bred rams were compact and blocky animals and from around 1835 were sold into six or more of what were to become the first recognised pedigree '''Hampshire Down''' flocks in the country.
 
  
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The Hampshire is a breed of sheep developed from the Southdowns.
 
The Southdowns had long had sheep which had dark brown or black legs, matured early, produced the best of mutton and a fine quality of medium wool. The original Hampshire was larger, coarser, but hardier, slower to mature, with inferior flesh, and a longer but coarser wool. The Southdown had always been remarkable for its power of transmitting its special characteristics to its progeny by other kinds of sheep, and hence it soon impressed its own characteristics on its progeny by the Hampshire. The horns of the original breed have disappeared; the face and legs have become dark, the frame has become more compact, the bones smaller, the back broader and straighter, the legs shorter, and the flesh and wool of better quality, while the superior hardiness and greater size, as well as the large head and Roman nose of the old breed, still remain. Hampshires of the 1890s matured early and fattened readily. They clipped from six to seven pounds of wool, suitable for combing, which was longer than Southdown wool, but less fine.  
 
The Southdowns had long had sheep which had dark brown or black legs, matured early, produced the best of mutton and a fine quality of medium wool. The original Hampshire was larger, coarser, but hardier, slower to mature, with inferior flesh, and a longer but coarser wool. The Southdown had always been remarkable for its power of transmitting its special characteristics to its progeny by other kinds of sheep, and hence it soon impressed its own characteristics on its progeny by the Hampshire. The horns of the original breed have disappeared; the face and legs have become dark, the frame has become more compact, the bones smaller, the back broader and straighter, the legs shorter, and the flesh and wool of better quality, while the superior hardiness and greater size, as well as the large head and Roman nose of the old breed, still remain. Hampshires of the 1890s matured early and fattened readily. They clipped from six to seven pounds of wool, suitable for combing, which was longer than Southdown wool, but less fine.  
[[Image:Mouton Hampshire.JPG|thumb|200px|Portrait of a Hampshire]]
 
The resultant mutton had a desirable proportion of fat and lean, and was juicy and fine flavoured; the lambs were large and were usually dropped early and fed for market. Indeed, the Hampshire may be considered a larger and trifle coarser and hardier Southdown. The breed was occasionally crossed with [[Cotswold sheep|Cotswolds]], when it produced a wool more valuable for worsted manufacturers than the pure Cotswold. There is little doubt that in addition to Southdown, the Hampshire has a dash of Cotswold blood in its composition. Considerable importations of the breed were made to the [[United States|US]] in the 18th century, but it did not become so popular as the Southdown and some other ugly ass English breeds.
 
 
== Sources ==
 
 
* Text was derived from ''[[Scientific American]] Supplement'', No. 623, December 10, 1887.
 
 
==See also==
 
  
* [[Domestic sheep]]
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* [[Guard llama]], llamas used as livestock guardians.
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The resultant mutton had a desirable proportion of fat and lean, and was juicy and fine flavored; the lambs were large and were usually dropped early and fed for market.  
* [[Sheep shearing]]
 
* [[Wool]]
 
  
== External links ==
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* [http://www.tumbledownfarm.com/texts/DS/DS_II.html The Domestic Sheep] by Henry Stewart (1898), "The Hampshire Down" (with photos).
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* [http://www.countrylovin.com/ahsa/ American Hampshire Sheep Association]
 
* [http://www.ansi.okstate.edu/breeds/sheep/hampshire/ Oklahoma State University — Hampshire Sheep]
 
* [http://www.ohiohampsheep.com/ Ohio Hampshire Sheep Association]
 
  
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Latest revision as of 21:37, 8 September 2021


Mouton Hampshire.JPG

Hampshire

The Hampshire is a breed of sheep developed from the Southdowns. The Southdowns had long had sheep which had dark brown or black legs, matured early, produced the best of mutton and a fine quality of medium wool. The original Hampshire was larger, coarser, but hardier, slower to mature, with inferior flesh, and a longer but coarser wool. The Southdown had always been remarkable for its power of transmitting its special characteristics to its progeny by other kinds of sheep, and hence it soon impressed its own characteristics on its progeny by the Hampshire. The horns of the original breed have disappeared; the face and legs have become dark, the frame has become more compact, the bones smaller, the back broader and straighter, the legs shorter, and the flesh and wool of better quality, while the superior hardiness and greater size, as well as the large head and Roman nose of the old breed, still remain. Hampshires of the 1890s matured early and fattened readily. They clipped from six to seven pounds of wool, suitable for combing, which was longer than Southdown wool, but less fine.

The resultant mutton had a desirable proportion of fat and lean, and was juicy and fine flavored; the lambs were large and were usually dropped early and fed for market.