AY Honors/Drumming & Percussion/Answer Key

2009-09-16T19:25:26Z

72.49.67.64: /* Battery */

{{otheruses4|the percussion unit of a marching band|the 2002 film|Drumline (film)}}

A '''drumline''' or '''drum line''' is a section of [[percussion instrument]]s usually played as part of a musical marching ensemble.<ref>{{cite news |title=Drum Bum Glossary|url = http://store.drumbum.com/drums/drums-glossary.htm |publisher = Drum Bum |accessdate = 2007-11-30 }}</ref> Drumlines are usually incorporated into high school or college [[marching band]]s, [[drum and bugle corps]] or [[drum and lyre corps]], [[indoor percussion ensemble]]s, and [[pipe band]]s, but also can exist independent of these ensembles.<ref name="Marching Dictionary">{{cite news |title=Marching Dictionary|url = http://www.onlinedrummajor.com/gloss.html#Anchor%20b |publisher = Drum Major Resource Center |accessdate = 2007-12-05 }}</ref> The term '''battery''' is used to refer to a specific part of the '''drumline'''. The '''battery''' is the drum section that marches on the field as a group. The battery usually consists of snare drums, bass drums, tenor drums, and cymbals.<ref name="Marching Dictionary" /> Stationary percussion within a marching ensemble is called the ''[[front ensemble]]'' or ''pit''.<ref name="Marching Dictionary" /> This also describes the area where those percussion instruments are set on the field.

== Battery ==

[[Image:Drum Line Dorito.jpg|thumb|Right|The [[Eagle High School]] drumline.]]

drumline and pit are different...drumline and front ensemble are different

=== Snare Drum===

[[Image:17ton.jpg|thumb|left|A drumline with sling-harness snares.]]

Marching [[snare drum]]s have high tension heads typically made of [[Kevlar]] or [[PET film (biaxially oriented)|PET film]]. In the past, snares were typically carried with slings, and due to the discomfort of this angle for the left hand, [[traditional grip]] was created. Most modern snare drums have rigid over-the-shoulder harnesses that hold the drum with the playing surface parallel to the ground,
which affords the option of performing with [[matched grip]]. However there are many groups that are returning to a slight tilt in order to make using [[traditional grip]] more comfortable for the players.<ref>{{cite book |last=Casella |first=Jim |title=Green Beats 06-07|year=2006|publisher=Tapspace Publications LLC and The Cavaliers Drum and Bugle Corps|pages=12–13}}</ref>

Snare parts are typically unison and provide the center rhythm of the drumline. The snare drum line is the center of tempo in the ensemble, and the "center snare", a position typically held by the most experienced snare drummer, is responsible for maintaining the tempo. When rehearsing or performing, the center snare may "tap off" the ensemble, setting the tempo with a solo rhythm.

=== Tenor Drum ===

[[Image:UVa-Marching-Band.jpg|right|thumb|A tenor drummer in the [[Cavalier Marching Band]].]]

Contemporary [[tenor drum]]s (also called ''toms'', ''quads'', ''quints'', or ''sextets'') are single-headed tonal drums. There are usually four to six drums in a set, but there can be as few as three or as many as seven. Tenor players add pitch variety to the drumline with drums of different sizes and tuning. Tenor players use [[matched grip]], and generally play with mallets with plastic disc-shaped heads, though traditional drumsticks and softer mallets are commonly used to achieve different [[timbre]]s.<ref>{{cite book |last=Casella |first=Jim |title=Green Beats 06-07|year=2006|publisher=Tapspace Publications LLC and The Cavaliers Drum and Bugle Corps|pages=12–13}}</ref> Tenor drummers typically play in unison. Recently, multiple percussion programs have experimented with "split" parts, meaning that the parts are not in unison. Some examples include Rhythm X's quad feature from 2007, The Cavaliers' quad features from 2000 and 2008, The Reading Buccaneers puff mallet solo from 2008, and many others.

=== Cymbals===

Marching [[cymbal]]s are typically pairs of [[crash cymbal]]s played in a variety of ways. Cymbals are [[bronze]] with leather carrying straps. Players in cymbal lines may all carry the same size and type of cymbal, or a variety of instruments may be used. Cymbals are played being held before the body, in unison or split parts. In addition to being played by the cymbalists, snare drummers may play on the cymbals as [[ride cymbal]]s or like [[hi-hat]]s, thus there is typically a minimum of one cymbalist for every two snare drummers. Cymbals are also used for visual effects due to their reflectiveness while twirling or spinning them. Many contemporary field ensembles do not utilize a cymbal line, as cymbals are played in the front ensemble.
=== Bass Drum ===

Marching bass drums are most frequently used as tonal drums split between several percussionists. Each drummer plays a unique part, though the entire bass drum part is conceived as a whole. Marching bass drums, which produce the deepest sound in the battery, are larger drums carried on harnesses with the heads facing the front and back sidelines. The musicians carrying the bass drums typically line up in size order. Bass drummers use mallets with rounded or cylindrical heads often made of hard [[felt]]. Small bass drum lines typically consist of four or five members to ensure enough for a melody, and large lines can have eight or more drummers.

== Front ensemble ==
{{main|Front ensemble}}

The [[front ensemble]] (also called the ''pit'') can include any [[percussion instrument]].<ref name="Marching Dictionary" /> Typical front ensembles include mallet instruments such as [[marimba]]s, [[xylophone]]s, [[glockenspiel]]s and [[vibraphone]]s, [[timpani]], cymbals, concert [[bass drum]]s, [[Bongo drum|bongo]]s, [[conga]]s, [[cowbell (instrument)|cowbell]]s, [[claves]], [[tambourine]]s, [[gong]]s or [[Gong|tamtam]]s, [[tom-tom drum]]s, and a variety of concert and world percussion instruments.<ref>{{cite book |last=Casella |first=Jim |title=Green Beats 06-07|year=2006|publisher=Tapspace Publications LLC and The Cavaliers Drum and Bugle Corps|pages=44–47}}</ref> Instruments may be mechanically or electronically [[amplifier|amplified]]. Some competitive circuits also allow electronic instruments such as [[synthesizer]]s and [[bass guitar]]s, which are typically part of the front ensemble. This wide selection of instruments allows for great [[timbre]] variety. Most front ensembles are centered in front of the front sideline of an [[American football#Field and players|American football field]].

==See also==
{{portal|percussion|Bendir.jpg}}
{{Portal|Music|%27A%27_(PSF).png}}
{{br}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.dci.org/index.cfm/ Drum Corps International (DCI)]
* [http://www.drumlines.org/ Drumlines.org]

{{Rudimental Percussion}}

[[Category:Drum and bugle corps]]
[[Category:Musical groups]]
[[Category:Percussion ensembles]]

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AY Honors/Drumming & Percussion/Answer Key