Especialidades JA/Canotaje/Respuestas

Canotaje
Asociación General Actividades recreacionales	Destreza: 2 Año de introducción: 1945

Requisitos

1

Tener la especialidad de Natación II.

Véase Natación II para consejos e instrucciones.

2

Demostrar, primero solo y luego con un compañero, el buen método de:

2a

Introducir y lanzar (botadura) una canoa

i

Desde una playa

ii

Desde el muelle o embarcadero

It is far more difficult to enter a canoe from a dock or pier than from a beach. This is because the canoe will not sit on the bottom of the river or lake helping to steady it as people enter. Instead, paddlers must be very careful to keep their weight centered over the keel until firmly in position. Once the first person is in the boat, that person should assume a kneeling position with the knees spread as far apart as the canoe will allow. This will allow the person to easily and quickly shift his or her weight to either the left or the right to steady the canoe as the other paddler enters. The paddler should also grip the dock or pier firmly to keep the canoe from pushing away while the partner has one foot in the boat and the other on the dock.

2b

Atracar y dejar una canoa

i

En una playa

ii

Desde el muelle o embarcadero

3

Acompañado por el consejero que lo examina, demostrar correctamente las siguientes remadas:

3a

Proa (bow)

3b

Arrastre diagonal

3c

Arrastrado medio a la derecha

3d

Remadas en forma de J

3e

Arrastrado medio a la izquierda

3f

Empuje lateral

3g

Arrastrado completo

3h

Combinación de arrastrado y remadas en forma de J

4

Solo y con un compañero en la proa y popa, remar una canoa en un curso recto por 100 yardas (90 metros). Girar a la derecha y girar a la izquierda. La paleta debe mantenerse siempre en el mismo lado de la canoa. Demostrar dos posiciones de las rodillas para remar.

5

Demostrar con una canoa el rescate de un compañero que su canoa zozobró al:

5a

Vaciar la canoa inundada de agua acercándola y volteándola y bajándola a la borda de la canoa de salvamento.

5b

Echar al agua la canoa rescatada de nuevo.

5c

Mantener firme la canoa mientras su compañero sube a bordo.

6

Saltar afuera de la canoa en aguas profundas y volver a entrar de nuevo en la forma apropiada trayendo la menor cantidad de agua posible (el candidato debe estar acompañado por un salvavidas en un bote salvavidas equipado).

7

Con la ropa puesta:

The Pathfinder should wear a swimsuit beneath an outer layer of clothing for this requirement.

7a

Volcar (zozobrar) una canoa en aguas profundas.

This is surprisingly difficult in some canoes, but can be accomplished by leaning the canoe over as far as possible, then standing on the gunwale. As soon as the gunwale dips below the surface of the water, capsizing will quickly follow.

7b

Enderezar la canoa y guardar los remos y colchonetas para las rodillas.

Swim alongside the canoe and lift the gunwale back above the surface. The canoe should not sink even when it's full of water.

7c

Colocarse en la canoa llena de agua y remar con las manos o con el remo por 25 yardas (24 metros).

This is done just as described previously, except that the canoe is almost certain to ship more water. Don't worry about it. Once you get inside, it is very possible that both gunwales will still be submerged below the surface. It is sometimes possible to get some of the water out by lifting the bow or stern as high as you can while the canoe is still upside-down. Then with a quick motion, throw the canoe higher with a twisting motion to right it.

7d

Quitarse la ropa, guardarla junto con el remo, lanzarse por la borda, sostener la canoa por la proa con una mano, nadar y remolcar la canoa inundada hasta la orilla.

Removing wet clothing is more difficult than it seems it should be. It tends to cling to the body. Wear a swimsuit that stays on under the outer layer. Choose loose clothing if possible. A shirt that buttons will be easier to get off than a pull-over. Jump back into the water, take hold of a rope tied to the bow (or a grab-loop), and swim until you are in shallow water.

7e

Vaciar la canoa correctamente y llevarla a tierra para atracarlo (el candidato debe estar acompañado por un salvavidas en un bote salvavidas equipado).

Once the canoe is in shallow water, turn it on its side and continue to haul it onto the beach. This will empty it of most water. If you attempt to haul it out of the water while it is still full, you will find that it is very heavy, and it may not even be possible for you to turn it over or move it. This is why it should be turned on its side or even upside-down. Once most of the water is out of the canoe, it is a simple matter to pull it onto shore.

8

Demostrar de manera satisfactoria al examinador sobre un conocimiento profundo de las normas de seguridad que hará al candidato un piragüista seguro y competente para sacar a los demás en una canoa. Prometer observar estar normas en todo momento.

1. Wear a Personal Flotation Device (PFD) at all times.
2. Do not drink alcohol while canoeing
3. Paddle directly into or away from the wake made by power boats (broadside waves can easily capsize a canoe).
4. If you capsize in still water, stay with the canoe.
5. If you capsize in swift current, try to get upstream relative to the canoe so that it will not pin you on a rock. A canoe full of water easily weighs 1200 kg, and if it pins you against a rock, you are not going to lift a 1200 kg canoe off yourself. The only other available option is to drown, and that is not a very attractive option at all.
6. If you find yourself swimming in a rapid, roll onto your back and float with your feet going downstream first and your toes out of the water. This will prevent your foot from catching a rock and it getting trapped. Many people have drowned as a result of foot-entrapment.
7. Kneel in the bottom of the canoe in rough water. This increases the boat's stability by lowering its center of gravity, and it gives you better control of the canoe.
8. Do not paddle in water that presents a greater challenge than your abilities. Do not be too embarrassed to admit that a rapid is too difficult for you. You won't be able to admit it if you drown.
9. Do not paddle farther from shore than you can swim.
10. Load the canoe properly so that it is balanced from bow to stern and from side to side.
11. Stay away from low-head dams. They may look innocuous, but they are very dangerous. Do not approach them from upstream or from downstream.
12. Never paddle alone.
13. Do not paddle into tree branches, especially if they are underwater. Water will pass right through, but if you fall out of the canoe, you will be pinned against them. Moving water is very powerful. You are puny in comparison. Water moving through a hydro-electric dam can generate enough electricity to power a city (including subway trains). If water is powerful enough to move a train, it is powerful enough to hold you under water pinned to a tree branch.
14. Do not stand in a canoe until you have sufficient skill and experience to do so. Many people would argue that you should never stand in a canoe, but if you have sufficient skill, standing will allow a better view of the river ahead. This can be crucial above a rapid. That said, most people do not have sufficient skill. As the instructor of this honor, it's up to you to decide how to teach this "rule."
15. Don't be an idiot. If something looks dangerous, it probably is.

9

Explicar cómo hacer los siguientes trabajos de reparación de emergencia:

For both of these situations, duct tape is the paddler's best friend.

9a

Reparar un agujero de una pulgada (tres centímetros) en una canoa de fibra de vidrio, lona y aluminio.

Land the canoe on a beach, get it in the sun, flip it upside down. Dry the affected area as best you can with whatever you have. Let the sun do the rest. Apply a strip of duct tape to the outside of the hull, covering the hole completely. Then turn the boat right-side-up again, dry the inside of the hull around the hole, and cover it with duct tape as well.

9b

La reparación del mango del remo roto.

Find a straight tree branch about 2.5 cm in diameter and 60 cm long. Join the two halves of the paddle together as best you can, then position the tree branch along side it. Wrap the paddle shaft and the branch with several turns of duct tape, both above and below the break. Paddle gently.

Once back from your trip, a more permanent repair can be made. Sand your paddle down right to the wood above and below the break. Drill 5cm straight up into the center of the paddle shaft in both directions of the break. Cut the head off of a bolt the same diameter as your hole. Use a good quality marine epoxy to glue a 4" bolt in place in that hole. Wrap fiberglass cloth around the break and epoxy it in place. Now sand down the entire paddle and varnish. You will now have a strong lasting repair on your paddle. If the break was over where you grip the paddle, you may want to consider wrapping a thin twine around the shaft to make the grip even more comfortable, this process is called frapping or serving.